Additional Resources

Green bonds are specifically destined for the funding or refunding of green projects, i.e. projects that are sustainable and socially responsible in areas as diverse as renewable energy, energy efficiency, clean transportation or responsible waste management. Iberdrola has consolidated its status as the biggest group issuer of green bonds in the world; and at the start of 2021 it issued the biggest hybrid green bond in history, worth €2 billion. A total of 90 % of Iberdrola’s 2020-2025 investment plan – with an allocation of 75 billion euros until 2025 and an estimated of 150 billion euros to 2030 — is aligned with the European Union taxonomy for mitigating climate change.

Recording of the launch of Energy Futures Lab latest briefing paper reviewing the electricity market arrangements in the UK.

Most agreements between customers and ESCOs are underpinned by energy performance contracts (EPCs). The EPC commits the ESCO to installing the necessary equipment, provides a performance guarantee and establishes the terms of any upfront or ongoing payments, which are intended to be less than the financial savings realised by the project. The two most common types of EPCs are referred to as a (1) shared savings or (2) guaranteed savings model. 

In this report we highlight good practice from our recently published report on the Forth Replacement Crossing . We have also summarised relevant findings and recommendations about major projects and procurement approaches from other performance audit reports to identify important lessons in managing projects.